Accessed on August 30, 2011, The Mayo Clinic. The lauryl alcohol is then combined with sulfur which then forms the salt, sodium lauryl sulfate. The shelf-life is reported as 24-36 months. positive control in dermatological testing. [1] C. Arias, I. Gmez-Escalonilla, C. Rueda, C. Molina, Influence of the purification of sodium dodecyl sulfate on the physical properties of solutions and O/W emulsions, Drug Dev Ind Pharm, 24 (1998) 95-100. All consumer and cosmetic product manufacturers are required to conduct thorough testing and include any adverse findings in the form of warnings on their labels. In the past we offered Clean & Gentle toothpaste that used glycyrrhizin, derived from licorice root, to foam and disperse ingredients, but that product was discontinued as consumers told us it did not meet their expectations. Of all the ingredients we use, Toms of Maine tends to receive the highest volume of questions about our use of SLS. It may also be called sodium dodecyl sulfate; dodecyl sulfate, sodium salt; and sodium n-dodecyl sulfate. SLS is also permitted for use in all cosmetics in the European Union (EU) without restrictions3. That something is called a surfactant. Sodium lauryl sulfate is frequently confused with sodium laureth sulfate, but the two are distinct . Available for Android and iOS devices. Copyright 20102022, The Conversation Media Group Ltd. So products that will be on the skin for a prolonged time can contain no more than 0.05-2.5% SLS in most countries. So what does this ingredient do, why is it in everything, and what does the evidence say about how safe it is? When handling the material, workers should observe standard SHEQ protocols in line with the circumstances and quantity of material being processed. SLS can be irritating if two conditions exist it is present at high concentrations and left on the skin for an extended period of time. It may also be used to aid the dissolution rate of poorly soluble active substances during dissolution test measurements. In a pioneering procedure, a team of surgeons at New York University Langone Health Grossman School of Medicine in New lepopup_add_event("onexit", { It is found in high concentrations in industrial products, including engine degreasers, floor cleaners, and car wash products, where workplace protections can be implemented to avoid unsafe exposures. It has a smooth, slippery (soapy) feel when rubbed between fingers and a perceptible odour of lipids. It is used in industrial strength degreasers, floor cleaners, bubble bath and toothpastes. Stepanol WA 100 Elemental Impurities Statement. For something to be harmful, irritant or allergenic, it has to fulfil two criteria. }); PharmaCentral.com may on occasion publish user-generated content. Canker Sore: Causes. Of all the ingredients we use, Toms of Maine tends to receive the highest volume of questions about our use of SLS. Its also important to note theres no scientific evidence SLS causes cancer, despite what you may read on the internet. Your toothpaste . Our Stewardship Model guides us to select ingredients which have been processed in a manner that supports our philosophy of human and environmental health. It is used in industrial strength degreasers, floor cleaners, bubble bath and toothpastes. This can happen even when the concentrations of either species are very low. In the Ph.Eur, Sodium lauryl sulfate is described as a mixture of sodium alkyl sulfates and consists mainly of Sodium lauryl sulfate (chemical formula, CH3(CH 2)10CH 2 OSO 3 Na). So if its known to be irritating to human skin, why dont the regulatory authorities ban its use? Another study, on seven volunteers over a three and a half month period, found regular contact caused irritation, and the irritation subsided once the skin was no longer exposed to SLS. Sodium lauryl sulfate (SLS) is the sodium salt of lauryl sulfate. International Journal of Toxicology 2 (7): 12781. LD50 (rat, oral): 1.29 g/kg. It has to have been found in studies to irritate human skin, and it has to have the ability to penetrate the skin. Lauryl ether sulfate sodium | C24H50Na2O5S | CID 21889068 - structure, chemical names, physical and chemical properties, classification, patents, literature . This may partly be fueled by the volume of misinformation currently available on the internet. Cook, C.G. Sodium lauryl sulfate is prepared by reacting sulfuric acid with lauryl alcohol, followed with the addition of sodium carbonate to produce sodium lauryl sulfate. It is also GRAS listed and included in the FDA Inactive Ingredients Database. [4] I. Rantanen, K. Jutila, I. Nicander, J. Tenovuo, E. Sderling, The effects of two sodium lauryl sulphate-containing toothpastes with and without betaine on human oral mucosa in vivo, Swedish dental journal, 27 (2003) 31-34. It is an anionic surfactant as defined by the sulfate head group . SLS is approved for use as a direct additive to food by the United States Food and Drug Administration (FDA) when used as a surfactant, whipping and wetting agent or as an emulsifier1. However, for consumers who prefer to use a product without SLS, we offer some SLS-free alternatives. Regardless, individuals who are prone to canker sores or who have a known sensitivity to SLS should seek an SLS-free alternative. Medically reviewed by Drugs.com. I. Rantanen, K. Jutila, I. Nicander, J. Tenovuo, E. Sderling, The effects of two sodium lauryl sulphate-containing toothpastes with and without betaine on human oral mucosa in vivo, Swedish dental journal, 27 (2003) 31-34. No express or implied warranty is made for specific properties or fitness for any particular application or purpose. It is an inexpensive surfactant that foams easily and is an excellent detergent. So authorities dont ban its use, but instead cap the maximum percentage at which it can be used in products. Sodium lauryl sulfate is used in a variety of products, and has a long history of safe use. The easiest way to lookup drug information, identify pills, check interactions and set up your own personal medication records. Many other surfactants agents exist, including synthetic alternatives and additional naturally derived ones. A surfactant allows the oil and water molecules to bind together its whats found in soaps and detergents so we can wash our oily faces or dishes with water and get the grime to disappear. It typically appears as a white or cream colored crystal or powder. So on products containing SLS, you should see something like if this product causes any skin redness or irritation, discontinue use and consult a medical practitioner. Sodium lauryl sulfate may be derived from either petroleum based or vegetable based sources. Any references to particular product names, brands, descriptions, formats, styles, corporate entities, tests, applications, technologies, uses, standardisations, medical conditions, and treatments are for illustration purposes and should not be considered complete or binding. It is used in solid dosage forms and topical products largely due to its surface-active properties. [3] G. Heinicke, J.B. Schwartz, The influence of surfactants and additives on drug release from a cationic Eudragit coated multiparticulate diltiazem formulation, Pharm Dev Technol, 12 (2007) 381-389. We comply with the HONcode standard for trustworthy health information. Inhalation of Sodium lauryl sulfate has the potential to damage respiratory tract tissue, and should therefore be avoided. [5] P.J. Generally, with consumer products such as washes that contain SLS, its assumed they wont be on the skin for very long, meaning the chance of your skin being affected is pretty low. period: 24 This cap varies based on how long the product is likely to be in contact with the skin. mode: "every-time", In the Ph.Eur, Sodium lauryl sulfate is described as a mixture of sodium alkyl sulfates and consists mainly of Sodium lauryl sulfate (chemical formula, CH3(CH2)10CH2OSO3Na). As we know, oil and water dont mix, so something is required to keep the ingredients together. This material is provided for educational purposes only and is not intended for medical advice, diagnosis or treatment. Consult the MSDS for more detailed information. If a person is sensitive to SLS, they might find the area that has been in contact is red, dry, scaly, itchy or sore. In the pharmaceutical industry, it has been used as an excipient in dissolvable dosage forms. Our Botanically Bright and Botanically Fresh toothpastes use our best performing SLS alternative, a blend of Sodium Cocoyl Glutamate and Lauryl glucoside, which are other naturally derived dispersants from coconut or palm kernel oil and corn. It is similarly used in pharmaceutical products taking advantage of its surfactancy properties. *All claims in respect to the conformity are subject to our Terms and Conditions. PharmaCentral 2021 . For SLS to be considered dangerous, it would have to be in contact with the skin for a long period of time. There are many safer alternatives available (look for fatty alcohol ethoxylate, alkyl phenol ethoxylate or fatty acid alkoxylate on the label). Last updated on Jun 6, 2022. Learn more about this chemical, such as how it works and whether it's safe. All information is provided in good faith to enable collaboration and sharing of know-how among our community of users. It may also be called sodium dodecyl sulfate; dodecyl sulfate, sodium salt; and sodium n-dodecyl sulfate. Some material is made available to help explain and relay complex phenomena, formulae, physical and chemical constants, and other concepts that are scientifically incontestable but relevant to the use of products, and/or to illustrate, transmit, and teach pharmaceutical science principles. Sodium lauryl sulfate is an approved pharmaceutical excipient and is listed in all the major pharmacopoeia. Sodium lauryl sulfate is frequently used as a surfactant, or foaming agent. . "Final Report on the Safety Assessment of Sodium Lauryl Sulfate and Ammonium Lauryl Sulfate". If you suspect you are sensitive to SLS, stop using the product and consult your GP or pharmacist. Dermatology researcher, The University of Queensland. SLES is the most common of a group of commercial sodium and ammonium alkyl and alkyl ether sulfates. This means the sulfate head group (shown by the pink shading in the diagram below) is hydrophilic and water soluble, while the 12-carbon-long chain is hydrophobic and water insoluble. Always consult your healthcare provider to ensure the information displayed on this page applies to your personal circumstances. PharmaCentral.com does not make any representation or warranty of any kind regarding its accuracy, adequacy, or legality. Researchers from Germany tested 1,600 patients for SLS irritancy and found 42% of the patients tested had an irritant reaction. Sodium lauryl sulfate is a surfactant, and its efficacy, low cost, abundance and simplicity mean its used in a variety of cosmetic, dermatological and consumer products. India Sodium Lauryl Ether Sulfate [SLES] Market demand was valued 236 Thousand Tonns in 2020 and is expected to reach 401 Thousand Tonns by 2027, at CAGR of 7.9% during forecast period of 2021 to 2027. Yousuf Mohammed receives funding from the U.S. Food and Drug Administration through grants 01FD005226,U01FD006946 and U01FD006700. Our skins outermost layer is specially designed to keep harmful stuff out, and this is where a surfactant can cause problems. Sodium lauryl sulfate is a surfactant, which means a molecule that has ampiphilic properties. Nonionic Emulsifying Wax Excipient | Uses, Suppliers, and Specifications, Macrogol 15 Hydroxystearate Excipient | Uses, Suppliers, and Specifications, Poloxamers | Uses, Suppliers, and Specifications, Phospholipids Excipient | Uses, Suppliers, and Specifications, Docusate Sodium Excipient | Uses, Suppliers, and Specifications, Under Section 107 of the Copyright Act 1976, Pharmaceutical Acronyms and Abbreviations, Glossary of Terms Used in the Pharmaceutical Industry, Standard Terms & Conditions Of Sale Of Goods And Services, Sulfuric acid monododecyl ester sodium salt, White or cream to pale yellow coloured crystals, flakes, or powder, Sodium chloride and sodium sulfate combined content, Surfactant, cleanser and foam generator in medicated shampoos, Solubiliser in concentrations above the critical micelle concentration, Alternative to Magnesium stearate as a tablet lubricant. Toms of Maine recognizes that no two people are alike, and even with naturally derived ingredients, some individuals may develop an allergic reaction that is unique to them. Sodium lauryl sulfate (C12H25SO4Na) is a surface-active agent used in cleaning and cosmetic products. The workspace should provide adequate ventilation and/or a dust respirator should be used. In fact, SLS is so known to cause irritation, its used as a positive control in dermatological testing. Due to the inherent risks, the bulk material should be stored in a well-closed container away from strong oxidizing agents in a cool, dry place. A sustainability score has not been provided at this point. Sodium Lauryl Sulfate also referred to as Sodium laurilsulfate or Sodium dodecyl sulfate is a synthetic organic compound widely used in personal care products as an anionic surfactant. Health Check: what should I eat to improve my skin? Sodium lauryl sulfate is widely used as an anionic surfactant, detergent, emulsifying agent, skin penetrant, tablet and capsule lubricant and wetting agent. It typically appears as a white or cream colored crystal or powder. Drugs.com provides accurate and independent information on more than 24,000 prescription drugs, over-the-counter medicines and natural products. This may partly be fueled by the volume of misinformation currently available on the internet. Opinion | What Does the Recent Pig-to-Human Kidney Transplant Mean for Tissue Therapeutics? What are hives, the common skin condition that gives you itchy, red bumps? Alternately, the whole oil can be esterified and then hydrogenated to form the fatty alcohols of which lauryl alcohol would be isolated by fractionation. In the pharmaceutical industry, it has been used as an excipient in dissolvable dosage forms. [6] F. Zhao, V. Malayev, V. Rao, M. Hussain, Effect of sodium lauryl sulfate in dissolution media on dissolution of hard gelatin capsule shells, Pharm Res, 21 (2004) 144-148. Read more: If youve ever Googled the causes of a skin complaint or damaged hair, chances are someone on the internet has pointed the finger at SLS, or sodium lauryl (or laureth) sulfate, a common ingredient in beauty products, washes, toothpastes and even cleaning products. However, in animal studies sodium lauryl sulfate has been shown to be irritating to the eyes and skin when applied topically. Sodium lauryl sulfate is a surfactant used in most personal care products, soaps, commercial cleaners, and even in food. Inhalation and contact with the skin and eyes should be avoided. Sodium lauryl sulfate is frequently confused with sodium laureth sulfate, but the two are distinct ingredients. While an approved excipient, Sodium lauryl sulfate is fairly harmful and acutely irritant to mucous membranes (eyes, upper respiratory tract and stomach). SLES, sodium lauryl sulfate (SLS), ammonium lauryl sulfate (ALS), and . And some surfactants are more irritating to our skin than others. Sodium lauryl sulfate has not been shown to be carcinogenic (cancer-causing) when either applied directly to the skin or consumed. SLS ticks both of these boxes. Examples of the different uses in various products are shown in the table below: Sodium lauryl sulfate has been used in pharmaceutical and personal care products for several decades. Sheskey, W.G. SLS is approved for use as a direct additive to food by the United States Food and Drug Administration (FDA) when used as a surfactant, whipping and wetting agent or as an emulsifier. The views expressed here are those of the author and do not reflect the official policies of the U.S. Food and Drug Administration. Acetaminophen and Codeine Phosphate 300 mg / 30 mg, Acetaminophen and Hydrocodone Bitartrate 325 mg / 7.5 mg, Acetaminophen and Hydrocodone Bitartrate 325 mg / 5 mg, CIR publication (1983). It has a perceptible lipid odour. Finally, Sodium lauryl sulfate is sensitising and may cause pulmonary allergies. Sodium lauryl sulfate is a fairly stable excipient under standard storage conditions. [1] Sodium lauryl sulfate has also been implicated in causing canker sores, often from use of toothpaste or mouthwashes that contain this ingredient.[2]. Data sources include IBM Watson Micromedex (updated 1 Nov 2022), Cerner Multum (updated 25 Oct 2022), ASHP (updated 12 Oct 2022) and others. Using a chemical that weakens this defence mechanism can potentially cause our skin harm. Another study found the warmer the water used with SLS, the more irritating it will be. Your toothpaste, shampoo and body wash probably all contain SLS. Skin care products also have hotline numbers on the packaging that can be contacted to report adverse effects. The lauric acid is isolated and then hydrogenated to form the lauryl alcohol. Working Hours (Mon to Friday): 08:30 - 17:30. Oh no! University of Queensland provides funding as a member of The Conversation AU. Molecular Formula CHNaOS. Sodium lauryl sulfate (SLS) is the sodium salt of lauryl sulfate. Monoisotopic mass 288.137115 Da. The sodium lauryl sulfate formula is a highly effective anionic surfactant used to remove oily stains and residues. Sodium laureth sulfate (SLES), an accepted contraction of sodium lauryl ether sulfate (SLES), also called sodium alkylethersulfate, is an anionic detergent and surfactant found in many personal care products (soaps, shampoos, toothpaste, etc.) Cable, A. American Pharmacists, Handbook of pharmaceutical excipients, 2017. Sodium Lauryl Sulfate. Sodium Lauryl Ether Sulfate [SLES] is a low-cost and very effective for emulsifying, wetting, cleaning, foaming and solubilizing, good biodegradation, with wide compatibility, good solvency. C. Arias, I. Gmez-Escalonilla, C. Rueda, C. Molina, Influence of the purification of sodium dodecyl sulfate on the physical properties of solutions and O/W emulsions, Drug Dev Ind Pharm, 24 (1998) 95-100. Authors who submit content retain copyright to it. When we use a wash or beauty product on our skin, its probably a liquid made of a water phase and an oily phase. Any information provided on our platform is for general informational and educational purposes only. Some information contained on PharmaCentral.com may contain copyrighted material, the use of which may not have been specifically authorised by the respective copyright owners. Therefore, solutions should be used soon after preparation and/or not be exposed to extreme conditions. Excipient (pharmacologically inactive substance). People with a history of sensitive skin, hyperirritable skin and patients suffering from skin conditions such as atopic dermatitis (eczema), rosacea and psoriasis are best to avoid products containing SLS. food particles). Accessed on August 30, 2011. Sodium lauryl sulfate can interact with cationic surfactants, leading to decreased activity. 151-21-3 - DBMJMQXJHONAFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-M - Sodium lauryl sulfate [JAN:NF] - Similar structures search, synonyms, formulas, resource links, and other chemical information. In many of our toothpastes SLS is used as a surfactant and helps to properly disperse the ingredients during brushing, and ensures easy rinsing and removal of debris (i.e. http://ijt.sagepub.com/content/2/7/127. Fair use is a use permitted by copyright statute that might otherwise be infringing. So SLES is an oligomer that contains a few ethylene oxide linkages; the mean quantity is about 3, as shown in the 3-D image. As with any product, be sure to discontinue use if you experience discomfort or other indications that the product may not be appropriate for your individual body chemistry. Sodium lauryl sulfate is supplied as a white or cream coloured solid substance that may sometimes appear pale yellow, especially after prolonged storage. If you think it might be SLS causing a skin irritation, stop the use of the product and ask your pharmacist or GP for advice. In the pharmacopoeia, Sodium lauryl sulfate is described as a mixture of sodium alkyl sulfates, consisting chiefly of sodium lauryl sulfate [CH3(CH2)10CH2OSO3Na]. It's essentially a synthetic soap. In solution, Sodium lauryl sulfate may undergo hydrolysis to lauryl alcohol and sodium bisulfate when pH falls significantly (e.g < pH 2). Sodium Lauryl Sulfate (also referred to as Sodium laurilsulfate or Sodium dodecyl sulfate) is a synthetic organic compound widely used as an excipient and in personal care products as an anionic surfactant. Sodium lauryl sulfate (C12H25SO4Na) is a surface-active agent used in cleaning and cosmetic products. http://www.mayoclinic.com/health/canker-sore/DS00354/DSECTION=causes. Under Section 107 of the Copyright Act 1976, allowance is made for Fair Use for purposes such as criticism, comment, news, reporting, scholarship, education, and research. Sodium lauryl sulfate (SLS) is found in shampoos, soaps, various beauty and cleaning products, and even some foods. Many of these ingredients would not be considered by Toms of Maine because they fail to meet our Stewardship Model guidelines. It is also known by the term sodium dodecyl sulfate. Pharmacopoeial Compliance: USP-NF; Ph.Eur; B.P; J.P; I.P, Synonyms and Trade Names: Sodium Lauryl Sulphate; Sodium Lauryl Sulfate; SLS; Sodium Dodecyl Sulfate; SDS; Dodecyl Alcohol Hydrogen Sulfate, Sodium Salt Dodecyl Sulfate; Lauryl Sodium sulfate; Lauryl Sulfate, Sodium Salt; Monododecyl Sodium Sulfate; Sodium Dodecyl Sulfate; Sodium n-dodecyl Sulfate; Sodium Laurilsulfate; Sodium Monododecyl Sulfate; Sulfuric Acid Monododecyl Ester, Sodium Salt; Texapon KI2P; Elfan 240, Uses: Ionic Surfactant; Tablet Lubricant; Solubiliser; and Dissolution Rate Enhancer. The SLS Toms of Maine uses is entirely derived from the vegetable sources of coconut and/or palm kernel oil. Health Information. Read more: It is also known by the term sodium dodecyl sulfate. Sodium lauryl sulfate is a surfactant, and its efficacy, low cost, abundance and simplicity mean it's used in a variety of cosmetic, dermatological and consumer products. In formulated products, Sodium lauryl sulfate is incompatible with salts of polyvalent metal ions (e.g Aluminium, Zinc, and Magnesium). It may also serve as an emulsifier, helping oil based and water based ingredients to stay mixed. What are hives, the common skin condition that gives you itchy, red bumps? Toxicology: Human lethal oral dose is reported to be 0.5-5.0 g/kg body-weight. - Charge. Sodium laureth sulfate | C14H29NaO5S | CID 23665884 - structure, chemical names, physical and chemical properties, classification, patents, literature, biological . Sodium Lauryl Sulfate (also referred to as Sodium laurilsulfate or Sodium dodecyl sulfate) is a synthetic organic compound widely used as an excipient and in personal care products as an anionic surfactant. F. Zhao, V. Malayev, V. Rao, M. Hussain, Effect of sodium lauryl sulfate in dissolution media on dissolution of hard gelatin capsule shells, Pharm Res, 21 (2004) 144-148. Use of eye protection, gloves, and other suitable PPE are advised. [2] J. Hanaee, Y. Javadzadeh, S. Taftachi, D. Farid, A. Nokhodchi, The role of various surfactants on the release of salbutamol from suppositories, Farmaco, 59 (2004) 903-906. We use SLS in many of our products because of its long history of safe and effective use, and because of the volume of scientific substantiation for its safety. We use SLS only at the levels needed to deliver on its intended purpose, and these conditions are unlikely to occur with our products. 121CFR 172.822 2Tentative Final Monograph 21CFR 356 376/768/EEC, Privacy Policy Terms of Sale Terms of Use Children's Privacy Policy Cookie Policy Cookie Consent Tool. The oils can be split into glycerin and the component fatty acids, one of which is lauric acid. That is, new products being tested to see how irritating they might be to human skin are compared to SLS - something we know definitely to be irritating. Health Check: what should I eat to improve my skin? In 2003, the US Department of Health and Human Services evaluated the safety of SLS concluding that SLS is safe for use in oral care products2. It is supplied as white or whitish-coloured crystals, powder or flaky material, with a slippery feel upon rubbing between fingers. It looks like you're using an unsupported browser. All respective intellectual property, such as trademarks and logos, are properties of their owners. Senior Manager, Advancement and Engagement - Institute of Molecular Bioscience, Senior Research Fellow, Environmental Biogeochemistry. Subscribe to Drugs.com newsletters for the latest medication news, new drug approvals, alerts and updates. and for industrial uses.SLES is an inexpensive and very effective foaming agent. Sodium lauryl sulfate is used in a variety of products, and has a long history of safe use. Some material is published to support research and user education, and for the public good. It is a negatively charged surfactant and one of the most detergents in personal and household products. item: "subscribe-3", Learn more about what it is, why it is used, and if it is safe to use it. Average mass 288.379 Da. If sodium lauryl sulfate is left in contact with human skin and not washed immediately, concentrations should not exceed one percent. It has been shown that when skin is repeatedly exposed to Sodium lauryl sulfate, xeroderma (drying and cracking of skin) may occur. The Ph.Eur and B.P specified the assay content of Sodium lauryl sulfate which should be not less than 85% of sodium alkyl sulfates calculated as C12H25NaO4S. All rights reserved. ChemSpider ID 8677.
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