This decision left substantial minorities on both sides of the new border. "NORTH SCHLESWIG" -. All of these visits were important steps toward complete equality and demonstrated the good relations in the Danish- German border region. This is a far smaller group than the 50,000 Danes who live in Southern Schleswig, where, for instance, Flensborg Avis, a newspaper in Danish, is printed every day. The German minority feels an obligation to help solve or prevent conflicts wherever possible and does this through the Federal Union of European Nationalities (FUEN) and YEN (Youth of European Nationalities. The Danish Kingdom borders on the Frankish Empire (roughly modern Holstein), 12th century This minority of Germans hold Danish citizenship and self-identify as ethnic Germans. st petersburg to helsinki train cost Edu Solutions. Bund Deutscher Nordschleswiger estimates the current number of North Schleswig Germans to be around 15,000, i.e. Sports and leisure activities are offered by a wide range groups that are part of the youth association Jugendverband, which is responsible for the yearly Knivsbergfest, the traditional summer gathering of the German minority. Snderborg and Aabenraa were strongly dominated by both nationalities (c. 55% Germans and 45% Danes). Ever since, South Schleswig has formed the northern section of the German federal state of Schleswig-Holstein, whereas North Schleswig forms the Danish border region of South Jutland. Please refer to the appropriate style manual or other sources if you have any questions. Dans le dpartement Alpes-de-Haute-Provence, 4 journaux sont consacrs la publication des avis de dcs, soient Haute-Provence Info - L'Action Paysanne, La Marseillaise, Le Sisteron Journal et La Provence. The border between Denmark and Germany changes to present specifications. In 1840 Danish was the official language. The ministers share the church buildings with the Danish population. Kindergartens and schools are central institutions of the German minority. [4], In 1115, King Niels created his nephew Canute Lavard a son of his predecessor Eric I Earl of Schleswig, a title used for only a short time before the recipient began to style himself Duke.[5]. [2] In May 1931, scientists of the National Museum of Denmark announced that they had unearthed eighteen Viking graves with the remains of eighteen men in them. In Snderborg/Sonderburg you may visit the German museum with its collection on German history in Nordschleswig. But the border was not yet a peaceful one: the Germans felt that the en-bloc voting procedure had been unfair and demanded a re-drawing of the border. america napoleonic wars Northern Schleswig was, after the 1920 plebiscites, officially named the Southern Jutland districts (de snderjyske landsdele), while Southern Schleswig then remained a part of the Prussian province, which became the German state of Schleswig-Holstein in 1946. Author, speaker, filmmaker. (see Staatshandbuch fr die Herzogthmer Schleswig-Holstein). When Hitler came into power the German minority hoped for a revision of the border. as a unit with the majority deciding, and the result was 75% for Denmark and 25% for Germany, consequently resulting in a German minority north of the new border. A German uprising in March 1848 caused the First Schleswig War which ended in 1852. On the west coast, the Danish diocese of Ribe ended about 5km (3mi) north of the present border. Schleswig became a Danish duchy in the 12th century and remained a fief associated with Denmark until it was forcibly annexed by Austria and Prussia after the German-Danish War (1864). The Bund Deutscher Nordschleswiger is the German minoritys umbrella organization. Nonetheless, there are to this day German and Danish minorities in both Snderjylland (Nordschleswig) and Sydslesvig (Landesteil Schleswig). North Schleswig (Denmark) is the home of some 15,000 Germans, constituting about 6% of the North Schleswig population. (keeping them out of the war) then Prussia can't walk north. The Schleswig-Holsteiners were supported by the German Confederation of which Holstein (and Lauenburg) was a member state. In the Frisian districts of Schleswig approx. Denmark borders the North Sea and Baltic Sea along its 5,440 miles long coastline, and without their off-shore islands, its shoreline is about 1,057 miles long. The declarations assured the rights of the minorities north and south of the border and stated the freedom to choose their nationality. [8] Thus, two referendums were held in 1920, resulting in the partition of the region. In 1866, they became a part of Prussia. By the early 1950s, it had nevertheless stabilised at a level four times higher than the pre-war number. Michaelsen, Karsten Kjer, "Politikens bog om Danmarks oldtid", Politikens Forlag (1. bogklubudgave), 2002, Meyers Konversationslexikon, 4th edition (1885-90), entry: "Eider", Danmarkshistoriens hvornr skete det, Copenhagen: Politiken, 1966, p. 65, Carsten Porskrog Rasmussen, "Innovative Feudalism. Schleswig-Holstein extends from the lower course of the Elbe River and the state of Hamburg northward to Denmark and thus occupies the southern third of the Jutland Peninsula. The territory has been divided between the two countries since 1920, with Northern Schleswig in Denmark and Southern Schleswig in Germany. The discovery came during excavations in Schleswig. In the period 1600 to 1800 the region experienced the growth of manorialism of the sort common in the rye-growing regions of eastern Germany. Even though many Danish nationalists, such as the National Liberal ideologue and agitator Orla Lehmann, used the name Schleswig, it began to assume a clear German nationalist character in the mid 19th century especially when included in the combined term "Schleswig-Holstein". around 6% of the North Schleswig population of c. 250,000. This created a new cultural dividing line in the duchy because German was used for church services and teaching in the diocese of Schleswig and Danish was used in the diocese of Ribe and the archdeaconry of Haderslev. Two maps on a sheet. They created a condominium over Schleswig and Holstein. best weapon for mid game hypixel skyblock. The title and anomaly survived presumably because it was already co-regally held by the king's sons. . Let us know if you have suggestions to improve this article (requires login). The term Snderjylland was hardly used between the 16th and 19th centuries, and in this period the name Schleswig had no special political connotations. The plebiscites were held in two zones that were defined by Denmark[2] according to the ideas of the Danish historian Hans Victor Clausen. [3] Clausen travelled extensively on both sides of the eventual border, in an attempt determine which communities that would vote for a return to Danish rule, and concluded that this was the case north of the Skelbkken creek, where most rural communities were both Danish-speaking and pro-Danish, while the communities south of this line were overwhelmingly pro-German (though some of these communities were also primarily Danish-speaking). In 1878, however, Austria went back on this provision, and Denmark recognized in a Treaty of 1907 with Germany that, by the agreement between Austria and Prussia, the frontier between Prussia and Denmark had finally been settled.[7]. It encompasses the northern half of Schleswig-Holstein Land (state) in northern Germany and Snderjylland region in southern Denmark. Denmark fought Prussia and Austria. Schleswig was instead a fief of Denmark, and its inhabitants spoke Danish, German, and North Frisian. specialized carbon road bike. North of the Danish-German Border in North Schleswig live 15.000 people who belong to the German minority. This is a far smaller group than the 50,000 Danes who live in Southern Schleswig, where, for instance, Flensborg Avis, a newspaper in Danish, is printed every day. Occupying Schleswig also was supposed to have influence on the Danish king, originally. Apart from the Eckernfrde catastrophic affair the navy went from victory to victory. Find out who really invented movable type, who Winston Churchill called "Mum," and when the first sonic boom was heard. 4 Indeed, nine years after the end of the Second World War, the German minority in Denmark was steadily reconstructing a civic life in North Schleswig. In Southern Schleswig, no referendum was held, as the likely outcome was apparent. 110,000 people Danish is the language in church and school. Provision for the cession of northern Schleswig to Denmark was made pending a popular vote in favour of this. Near Tnder, he deviated from this system, and included the German-majority towns of Tnder and Hjer into the northern sector for economic purposes, and to achieve a line following a dyke, consequently this line followed the dyke south of Hjer. North Schleswig and other German territories lost in both World Wars are shown in black, present-day Germany is marked dark grey on this 1914 map. This led to the First War of Schleswig (184851). They generally speak German or Low German alongside South Jutlandic dialect of Danish as their home languages. The territory has been divided between the two countries since 1920, with Northern Schleswig in Denmark and Southern Schleswig in Germany. Le quotidien le Dauphin Libr et l'hebdomadaire Alpes et Midi . There are a few reasons that Austria, Czechoslovakia, Lithuania and Poland were the initial targets. He is remembered as the "Equestrian King" because of his ride across the old border into the province of North Schleswig after its reunification with Denmark in 1920, and he became very popular during the German occupation of Denmark between 1940 and 1945 when, every day, he mounted his big white horse and rode through the streets of Copenhagen. At a meeting in Rendsburg on March 18, it was decided to send the king a decisive demand to combine Schleswig and Holstein in one whole and to include the first one in the German Union. When Magretta was born in the north Schleswig town of Sd-Klixbull, that territory was technically Denmark's. After the war of 1864 between Denmark and Prussia the Danes lost Schleswig to Prussia. Check out our north schleswig holstein selection for the very best in unique or custom, handmade pieces from our shops. By 1848 the border between the Danish and German languages became that of todays political border between the countries. In the 1880s the Danish culture withdrew into the private sector, but not for long. Five German ministries in the rural parishes and four in the cities are responsible for the German Lutherans. Both Danish and German National Liberals wanted Schleswig to be part of a Danish or German national state in the 19th century. In 1867 the language border" between German and Danish ran roughly north of Vil to Joldelund and Oeversee, but the political border lay further north. Today, the German minority in North Schleswig includes about 15,000 people among a total population of 250,000, and runs kindergarten's, schools and libraries, as well as church and social work. See more Citizenship. Hassiae Descriptio, Ioanne Drynadro Auctore / Holsatiae Descrip. Under pressure of the other great powers, Prussia had to retreat (in summer 1848 and again in summer 1850). In the First Schleswig War against Prussia and Schleswig-Holstein, Denmark won. https://www.familysearch.org/en/wiki/index.php?title=Schleswig-Holstein_German_or_Danish&oldid=4302424. The southern boundary of Denmark in the region of the Eider River and the Danevirke was a source of continuous dispute. In Southern Schleswig, no referendum was held, as the likely outcome was apparent. This page has been viewed 12,550 times (815 via redirect). Our editors will review what youve submitted and determine whether to revise the article. Approximately 15,000 people in Denmark belong to an autochthonous ethnic German minority traditionally referred to as hjemmetyskere meaning 'domestic Germans' in Danish, and as Nordschleswiger in German. A tiny house is a house of just a few hundred square feet that can cost anywhere from $10,000 to $100,000 depending on the materials, footprint, accessories, and amenities. Here for approx. For other uses, see. Its aim is to represent the interests of the minority and promote German language and culture in Nordschleswig. Slesvigske Krig German language Deutsch-Dnischer Krieg) was the second military conflict as a result of the Schleswig-Holstein Question. Nearby are the ruins of Haithabu, a historic Viking trading settlement. Front Line Heavenl Policies & Conditions: Cancellation policy: 72 hours before arrival. . A Guide to North Schleswig Published by. The minority is in close contact with the Danish parliament and government through its secretariat in Copenhagen. Northern Schleswig voted by a majority of 75% to join Denmark, whereas Central Schleswig voted by a majority of 80% to remain part of Germany. This was met by German states in two ways: The defeated Danish king had to leave Schleswig and Holstein to Austria and Prussia. Minority members regard themselves as Danish citizens with a German identity and strong ties to the region of North Schleswig. Danish farms, however, do not extend south of the city of Schleswig. In Denmark, the National Liberal Party used the Schleswig Question as part of their agitation and demanded that the Duchy be incorporated into the Danish kingdom under the slogan "Denmark to the Eider". Austria had quite a large population, was one of the few German-speaking nations in the world and the population very . Between 19201939, the North Schleswig Germans elected Johannes Schmidt-Vodder as their representative in the Danish Parliament with c. 1315% of the North Schleswig votes,[4] indicating that the share of North Schleswigers that identified as Germans had decreased when compared with the 1920 referendum. Holstein falls to Austria. The German minority's symbol shows the two Schleswig lions in the traditional blue and yellow colors and a bridge as a sign of the minority's function as a bridge between German and Danish cultures and languages. [citation needed] Between 1544 and 1713/20, the ducal reign had become a condominium, with the royal House of Oldenburg and its cadet branch House of Holstein-Gottorp jointly holding the stake. Holstein falls to Austria. Schleswig and Holstein were two mediaeval duchies that lay on the borderland between Denmark and Germany. In Southern Schleswig no referendum was held as the likely outcome was apparent. So there should be some chance of Denmark winning and the decision to go to war with Denmark, should be through an event or decision. Northern Schleswig voted by a majority of 75% to join Denmark, whereas Central Schleswig voted by a majority of 80% to remain part of Germany. In the Copenhagen-Bonn declaration of 1955, West Germany (later Germany as a whole) and Denmark promised to uphold the rights of each other's minority population. But 1945 also marked a turning point and new, democratic beginning for the German minority with the Declaration of Loyalty. North Schleswig (Zone 1) was transferred to Denmark on 15 June, 1920 and became Southern Jutland. The capital is Apenrade. Cities 1 Albersdorf 2 Brunsbttel 3 Bsum famous for its crabs, which you can buy, cooked, right off the boat When the demands were revived after the occupations of Austria etc by Germany in 1938/1939 this just earned the agitators sharp rebuke by the Nazis. The historical, cultural and linguistic situation in the geographical area around the present-day border between Denmark and Germany has been so fluid and complex, that it might be difficult to make a definite pronouncement on an ancestors nationality. A Danish territory in the 13th and 14th centuries, Schleswig was then united with Holstein between 1386 and 1460. Today, the " Deutscher Schulverein," which is financially supported by a mother-organisation in Flensburg, on the German side of the frontier (membership exceeding 10,000), runs 57 private . The German minority in North Schleswig maintains its own schools and a wide spectrum of social and cultural institutions and serves as a vital bridge between the German and Danish cultures. The Duchy of Schleswig (Danish: Hertugdmmet Slesvig; German: Herzogtum Schleswig; Low German: Hartogdom Sleswig; North Frisian: Hrtochduum Slaswik) was a duchy in Southern Jutland (Snderjylland) covering the area between about 60 km (35 miles) north and 70 km (45 miles) south of the current border between Germany and Denmark. *Denmark while neutral was a de facto German ally/vassal, and had place mines in both Storebaelt and Oeresund to stop allied transition. Kindergartens and schools The feudal system was gradually abolished in the late 18th century, starting with the crown lands in 1765 and later the estates of the nobility. Researchers surmised that the bodies were entombed in wooden coffins originally, but only the iron nails remained. believe in German-ness (Volkstum) in North Schleswig.'3 But then 'the North Schleswig people's character (Volkskarakter) arose' and the German minority se-cured its survival. The Danish fleet managed to keep a total blockade of the north German coastal harbors. Regions Map of North Sea Coast (Schleswig-Holstein) The North Sea Coast region includes the districts of Dithmarschen and Nordfriesland. Schleswig, historic and cultural region occupying the southern part of the Jutland Peninsula north of the Eider River. Bund Deutscher Nordschleswiger. In 1920, in the aftermath of World War I, two Schleswig Plebiscites were held in the northernmost part of the Prussian Province of Schleswig-Holstein (the northern half of the former Duchy of Schleswig). The central library at Aabenraa/ Apenrade, one branch each at Haderslev/Hadersleben, Snderborg/ Sonderburg, Tnder/Tondern and Tinglev/Tingleff, two mobile libraries, and 15 school libraries - 23 German libraries - provide 230.000 media units, including books, magazines, games, recordings, and DVDs for 8.000 users. Here the Danish kings built an impressive fortification wall known as the Danewerk. 19 pre-schools, 14 schools and 1 grammar school play an important role in teaching German language and culture, but also Danish is part of the curriculum so that the children may feel at home on both sides of the border. While every effort has been made to follow citation style rules, there may be some discrepancies. The latter was a fief subordinate to the Holy Roman Empire, while Schleswig remained a Danish fief. These dual loyalties were to become a main root of the dispute between the German states and Denmark in the 19th century, when the ideas of romantic nationalism and the nation-state gained popular support. The territory has been divided between the two countries since . From 1474, that union broke and they were ruled as separate duchies of the Danish crown. However, the nobility responded with a new agricultural system that restored prosperity. Bund Deutscher Nordschleswiger estimates the current number of North Schleswig Germans to be around 15,000,[5] i.e. Yes, they recovered northern Schleswig in 1920. Following World War I, the Danish majority living in North Schleswig (north of Flensburg) voted for incorporation with Denmark in a plebiscite (1920) held in accordance with the Treaty of Versailles. The Bonn-Copenhagen Declarations of 1955 were a further step towards normality. The naming dispute was resolved with the 1920 plebiscites and partition, each side applying its preferred name to the part of the territory remaining in its possession though both terms can, in principle, still refer to the entire region. It publishes a newspaper and offers sports and cultural activities. The re-unification of the northern part of Schleswig/Southern Jutland with Denmark was celebrated all over the country and in Southern Jutland itself was the cause of great celebration and in addition a large number of monuments were erected to celebrate the event. Les journaux d'avis de dcs en Provence-Alpes-Cte d'Azur. The North Sea Coast of Schleswig-Holstein includes some of Germany's most popular beach destinations. Denmark - 1815-1864 - The Schleswig Issue The Duchy of Holstein had been a part of the Holy Roman Empire, while Schleswig had belonged to the Kingdom of Denmark since medieval times. They all would adhere to the same person as their head of state, the King of Denmark. The change in demographics created a temporary Danish majority in the region and a demand for a new referendum from the Danish population in South Schleswig and some Danish politicians, including prime minister Knud Kristensen. It has a southeastern land boundary with the state of Mecklenburg-West Pomerania. When the National Liberals came to power in Denmark in early 1848, it provoked an uprising of ethnic Germans in the duchies. This change was caused by a number of factors, most importantly the German defeat and an influx of a large number of refugees from the former Prussian eastern provinces, whose culture and appearance differed from the local Germans, who were mostly descendants of Danish families who had changed their nationality in the 19th century. From early medieval times, the area's significance lay in being the buffer province of Scandinavia and the Danish Realm towards the powerful Holy Roman Empire to the south, as well as being a transit area for the transfer of goods between the North Sea and the Baltic Sea, connecting the trade route through Russia with the trade routes along the Rhine and the Atlantic coast (see also Kiel Canal). The right map shows Schleswig-Holstein between the Elbe river and Flensburg and from the North Sea to. Both Germans and Danes lived in harmony until the rise of nationalism in the middle of the 19th century. The head office of the BDN is the general secretariat in Aabenraa/Apenrade. Northern Schleswig joined Denmark, whereas Central Schleswig voted by an 80% majority to remain part of Germany. North Schleswig (Denmark) Hulschin (Czechoslovakia) West Prussia, Posen and Upper Silesia (Poland) Saar, Danzig and Memel (League of Nations) All gains from the Treaty of Brest Litovsk (Russia) All colonies (League of Nations - given to France and Britain as 'mandates') During the 10th century, there were several wars between East Francia and Denmark. This war, the, This page was last edited on 16 October 2022, at 14:26. Its construction, and in particular its great expansion around 737, has been interpreted as an indication of the emergence of a unified Danish state. The final exams may be used to study in both Germany and Denmark. Under the Gastein Convention of 14 August 1865, Lauenburg was given to Prussia, while Austria administered Holstein and Prussia Schleswig. Religion However, around 1830 some Danes started to re-introduce the archaic term Snderjylland to emphasize the area's history before its association with Holstein and its connection with the rest of Jutland. Feudal lordship was combined with technical modernization, and the distinction between unfree labour and paid work was often vague. around 6% of the North Schleswig population of c. 250,000. Denmark, with some help from The Knivsberg, highest point in Nordschleswig, also the location of the Jugendhof, the conference centre of the German minority, which especially provides youth activities, such dance, sports and music. The cooperation with the other minorities of the region has in recent years become an important task. Originally the duchy was called Snderjylland but in the late 14th century the name of the city Slesvig (now Schleswig) started to be used for the whole territory. "Olsen's Map", published by the Danish cartographer Olsen[citation needed] in the 1830s, used this term, arousing a storm of protests by the duchy's German inhabitants. The peace treaty of 1919 When Denmark ruled over the two duchies, Schleswig and Holstein, the political fusion was a Personal Union (relationship between separate, sovereign states where each kept their own laws). Geographically and historically, Jutland comprises the regions of South Jutland (historically also Slesvig), West Jutland, East Jutland (including Djursland) and North Jutland (including Himmerland, Vendsyssel, Hanherred, and Thy). Germany the federal state of Schleswig-Holstein lend financial support to the German minority. The name Southern Schleswig is now used for all of German Schleswig. The northern zone I voted en bloc, i.e. Another result was the creation of the German minority in Denmark and the Danish minority in Germany. The skeletons indicated that the men were bigger proportioned than twentieth-century Danish men. Volunteer work is essential for the German minority. The German minority supports the process of European integration and believes in a Europe united in diversity. Between 1864 and 1920, when North Schleswig was returned to Denmark as a result of a plebiscite following Germany's defeat in World War I, some 50,000 North Slesvigers immigrated to the United States. Schleswig was a Danish fief and was linguistically mixed between German and Danish and North Frisian. Stamps ALBUM As with most plebiscite areas, postage stamps were issued in the region to "advertise" the event. Denmark formally incorporated northern Schleswig into the kingdom on June 15, 1920, while southern Schleswig remained German. Coordinates: .mw-parser-output .geo-default,.mw-parser-output .geo-dms,.mw-parser-output .geo-dec{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .geo-nondefault,.mw-parser-output .geo-multi-punct{display:none}.mw-parser-output .longitude,.mw-parser-output .latitude{white-space:nowrap}5510N 915E / 55.167N 9.250E / 55.167; 9.250, "Schleswig" redirects here. Schleswig became a Danish duchy in the 12th century and remained a fief associated with Denmark until it was forcibly annexed by Austria and Prussia after the German-Danish War (1864). In Snderborg, the German majority was partially due to a local military garrison, and the German element in this town decreased sharply in the 1920s, after the German garrison had been withdrawn and replaced with a Danish one. In Snderjylland (Nordschleswig) Danish news papers and libraries and an institution of higher learning (Rdding) were established. The revolution of 1848, and especially the convening of the Frankfurt Diet, untied the hands of the Germans of Schleswig. around 6% of the North Schleswig population of c. 250,000. The northern Zone I voted en bloc, i.e. The area from Schleswig north to Flensburg has a mixture of Saxon and Danish farmhouses, while north of Flensburg the Jutish rectangular enclosed farmstead is most common. In 1027, Conrad II and Canute the Great again fixed their mutual border at the Eider. By the Declaration of Loyalty the German minority became an accepted part of Danish society. Furthermore, there are also several thousand German immigrants residing in Denmark with no historical connection to this group. As Denmark and Germany are both part of the Schengen Area, there are no regular controls at the border. However, the majority in the Danish parliament refused to support a referendum in South Schleswig, fearing that the "new Danes" were not genuine in their change of nationality. This was an anomaly[dubious discuss] a king holding a ducal title of which he as king was the fount and liege lord. Like the First Schleswig War (1848-51), it was fought for control of the duchies because . The ideological argument was not only an ethnic but also a historical one: the German side referred to a medieval treaty that claimed that Schleswig and Holstein should be forever united (in Low German: up ewig ungedeelt). By the early Middle Ages, the region was inhabited by three groups: During the 14th century, the population on Schwansen began to speak Low German alongside Danish,[1] but otherwise the ethno-linguistic borders remained remarkably stable until around 1800, with the exception of the population in the towns that became increasingly German from the 14th century onwards. Beginning in 1878 German was taught in schools. around 40,000 people voted to remain part of Germany, the German North Schleswigers having their centres in the towns of Tnder, Aabenraa, and Snderborg, but also in a rural district between Tnder and Flensburg near the new border, most notably in Tinglev. Following the Protestant Reformation, when Latin was replaced as the medium of church service by the vernacular languages, the diocese of Schleswig was divided and an autonomous archdeaconry of Haderslev created. The name Southern Schleswig is now used for all of German Schleswig. Perhaps additional family records or information reveal which language was used in the home. The Second Schleswig War (Danish language: 2. It began on 1 February 1864, when Prussian forces crossed the border into Schleswig. In the southern part the vote in each community was counted separately, while in the northern part, all votes were counted together en-bloc. Each of the graves was laid out from east to west. Danish Schleswig, known as North Schleswig (Dan. You typically can't get a mortgage for a tiny home, but you can buy a tiny house with cash, or it can sometimes be financed with a recreational vehicle loan or a personal loan. The Duchy of Schleswig was a duchy in Southern Jutland covering the area between about 60 km (35 miles) north and 70 km (45 mi) south of the current border between Germany and Denmark. In 1805 all serfdom was abolished and land tenure reforms allowed former peasants to own their own farms.[6]. This page was last edited on 19 March 2021, at 18:29. Rowing is a popular sport among the German minority, and the six local rowing club houses also function as their local meeting places. Since 1945, the North Schleswig Germans have been presented by Bund Deutscher Nordschleswiger, a cultural organisation, and continued to elect a member of Parliament until the 1950s. 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