His brother Joseph was baptized the next day and Brigham Young was baptized approximately one week later. Numerous records, including journal entries from those who experienced the attack and affidavits sworn against the Mormon mob, included allegations that the Mormon mob forced pregnant women and children out into the cold, stole livestock, and took prisoners for interrogation. Following Haights orders, Lee negotiated a cease fire with the wagon company on September 11. But if you see something that doesn't look right, click here to contact us! Brigham Young University was named in his honor. However, he was not the youngest apostle ever ordained. Brigham Young (pictured) is revered by Mormons as the second prophet of modern times. If the white man who belongs to the chosen seed mixes his blood with the seed of Cain [those of African descent], the penalty, under the law of God, is death on the spot. An anti-Mormon mob killed Joseph and Hyrum Smith in Carthage, Illinois. The Latter-day Saint community [in Las Vegas is] vibrant across every facetpolitically, public service, charitable. Why did he do nothing to return the stolen property of the 17 surviving orphans? A CONFESSION etched on a newly discovered lead sheet has shaken the Mormon Church by linking its revered leader, Brigham Young, with one of the worst massacres in American history. As she goes back in memory to the old home, she revives the scenes and varied events . The last known version, the one in which he saw both God and Jesus, is the version contained in the Mormon book of scriptures known as the Pearl of Great Price and is the version taught both to the Latter-day Saint faithful and those considering converting to the faith. Matthew Bowman, The Mormon People: The Making of an American Faith (Random House, 2012). Trumpeter Keyon . In this period, militia leaders at Cedar City and at Mountain Meadows changed their minds several times whether the killing should go forward. Subscribe for fascinating stories connecting the past to the present. How far apart were Wild Bill Hickok and Dave Tutt in their famous 1865 showdown in Springfield, Missouri? October 11, 1973. Phineas Young was a printer; building contractor; and Mormon bishop, missionary, and pioneer. In short, Youngs letter must be taken at face value: It was a determined, almost frantic, attempt to stop the massacre. Enter your email to receive updates on our LDS Living content, 2022 LDS Living A Division of Deseret Book Company. On August 29, 1877, Brigham Young died in Salt Lake City at. Brent L. Top,professor of Church History and Doctrine at BYU, in an interview explained a little more about how these experiences influenced Brigham Young: In an article written by Top, he elaborates more on what Brigham Young taught about the life that awaits us after death: For more incredible insights into what prophets and apostles have taught about the spirit world, check out Life After Death: 6 Insights into the Spirit World. No other group of people [comes] close.. In 1857, President James Buchanan declared Utah to be in a state of rebellion, and sent some 2,500 federal troops to help replace Young as territorial governor. Brigham Young. The council sought to create a Mormon-Indian alliance, and to make such an arrangement attractive to the Indians, Young allegedly told them that he would no longer stop them from stealing emigrant cattle on the California Trail. Haight then turned the gun on himself. Phineas' wife Clarissa was also baptized about this same time. They were clubbed, stabbed or shot at point-blank range, then stripped and left to be scavenged by wolves and buzzards. Experience in wood framing, excavation, roofing, painting, concrete, etc. As the pioneers entered Utah, Brigham Young forbade everyone from selling them much-needed supplies. Shortly after the outbreak of the Civil War, Brigham Young and his entourage visited Mountain Meadows for the first time since 1857. The emigrants fell back to a defensive position, and the ambush became a siege. Prosecutors in New York City are investigating an incident in which a jazz musician said his 14-year-old son was attacked by a woman who falsely accused him of taking her iPhone. Five bank robbers convicted of, Tensions over Chinese immigrant labor came to a head in Rock Springs, Wyoming on September, The Fall Creek Massacre was all too typicalseven whites murdering nine Indians in Indiana in. 10 Strange Beauty Secrets Of History's Most Beautiful Women, Top 10 Disturbingly Dark Moments In Spider-Man History, 10 Dark And Esoteric Occult Practices From History, 10 Bizarre Secrets Behind America's National Treasures, 10 Amazing Secrets Recently Revealed At Historical Landmarks, 10 Secrets Businesses Don't Want You To Know, Top 10 Secrets Of Iconic Hollywood Sounds, 10 Controversial Toys You Might Already Have in Your Home, Ten Absolutely Vicious Fights over Inherited Fortunes, 10 Female Film Pioneers Who Shaped the Movies, Ten True Tales from Americas Toughest Prison, 10 Times Members of Secretive Societies and Organizations Spilled the Beans, 10 Common Idioms with Unexpectedly Dark Origins, 10 North American Animals with Misplaced Reputations, Institute for the Study of the American World, Widtsoe Collection, Utah State Historical Society, 10 Dramatic Ways Major Religions Have Reversed Positions, 10 Religions In The Middle East You Have Never Heard Of, Top 10 Proposed Locations For The Garden Of Eden, 10 Archaeological Relics From The Life Of Jesus Christ. After a 500 mile round trip journey, militiamen received this response on Sept 13, two days too late to prevent the massacre. It turns out that she was actually wife No. The seeing of our faithful Elders slaughtered in cold blood, he wrote after his friends death, is at times almost to[o] grevious to be borne, but as the Spirit within me whispers, peace be still. This advice was never changed. Copies of Youngs letter exist both in rough draft and final draft form. Even though Mormon scriptures had numerous rules governing polygamy that included requirements that the first wife approve of subsequent marriages and bans on one man marrying mothers, daughters, or sisters, the rules were completely disregarded. March 28, 1884: Or was it March 8? The Center for Family History and Genealogy was established at Brigham Young University in order to utilize BYU resources to simplify the process of finding of ancestors and the discovery of the world in which they lived. That admonition includes charging Brigham Young with crimes that he did not commit. Park City, Utah, United States. He married single women and widows. He stated in an 1861 sermon: When I reflect on how I found the gospel, I realize that my familys experiences informed two important pieces of my testimony. Former NFL running back Zac Stacy, 31, will spend half a year behind bars for a pair of vicious attacks on his ex-girlfriend one of which was caught on tape and quickly went viral. Many American Protestant religions promoted slavery or the Ku Klux Klan. But now, a new book, which has been a bestseller in Utah since it appeared last summer, claims the massacre was ordered by Mormon Prophet Brigham Young. The winners of the Church History Museums 12th International Art Competition have been announced, and the artwork is breathtaking. Throughout the revolution, Western Pride Enterprise. But Matt Easton, 24, political science valedictorian at Brigham Young University in Provo, Utah said the timing was right to tell 10,000 people he was gay. Brigham Young neither ordered nor approved of the Mountain Meadows Massacre beforehand, but his unwillingness to cooperate with federal officials precipitated the crisis, and his subsequent actions and rhetoric inflamed tensions rather than calming them. On April 15, 1832, Young and his brother John were baptized into the Latter Day Saint Church of Christ. Polygamy, Brigham Young and His 55 Wives. HuffPost, August 27, 2012. . The nation was and remains horrified by what happened at Mountain Meadows. When he isnt exploring the dark secrets of various religions, he is a major sci-fi/fantasy geek and the lead editor and author for The Elders Blog on Elders of Genova. The second explanation is that the massacre was a calculated act of vengeance. Conditions Governing Access Open for public research. he led the Mormon raiders to attack and burn supply wagons of the U.S. militia sent to kill the saints. He was the President of The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints (LDS Church) from 1847 until his death in 1877. He declared that: "I will fight them and I will fight all hell!" The Church had been tense against the federal government ever since the murder of their founder and Mormon prophet, Joseph Smith, at the hands of an Illinois lynch mob in 1844. All Rights Reserved. With the United States in control of the Great Salt Lake Valley region after the Mexican-American War, Young was appointed governor of the new Utah Territory in 1850. He later became a prominent pioneer in southern Utah, and St. George, Utah, may have been named after him. Mormon Historians Shed Light On Sept. 11, 1857. His grandson and namesake, George Albert Smith, later became an apostle and prophet of the Church. In return for surrendering their weapons, the emigrants would be allowed safe passage to Cedar City. Brigham Young chosen to lead Mormon Church After Joseph Smith, the founder and prophet of The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints, or Mormonism, and his brother, Hyrum, were murdered by. Sometimes, he would send the husbands on missions in foreign countries and marry their wives while they were away and unable to object. During the Mexican Revolution from 1910 to 1920, a few battles were fought in the Mexican towns just across the border from Arizonan border settlements. Israeli settlers "torched dozens of cars and homes in a Palestinian town" as retaliation on Sunday evening, and one Palestinian was killed during the chaos, The Associated Press reported. Then, his relationship with Joseph Smith (depicted above in a statue at the Temple Squares North Visitors Center) suffered due to a number of factors that strained the friendship including when Smith tried to marry Rigdons daughter (while Smith was already married) and his refusal to support polygamy. Their beliefs on the subject extend so far as to dictate that a prophet can never lead people astray. Police are investigating. Even on the day of the slaughter, couriers were reportedly hurrying from Cedar City30 miles to the eastto call it off. At Four Corners, in the southeast, Utah meets Colorado, New Mexico and Arizona at right angles, the only such meeting of states in the country. It's time to Hike and Light the Y and attend the much-anticipated BYU Spectacular! Brigham Young clearly wasn't free of his ex-wife just yet. If those who are there will leave let them go in peace. And why does the Deseret News continue lying about Mountain Meadows to this day? Isaac Haights stake high council opposed the attack, and sent a messenger to Salt Lake City for Youngs advice on September 6. Several church leaders, including Young, were later charged under the law; Young was not convicted, but a case involving his secretary, George Reynolds, went all the way to the U.S. Supreme Court, which in 1879 unanimously decided that the law was constitutional and the First Amendment did not protect polygamy. Phineas Young was among the first Mormon pioneer company to reach the Salt Lake Valley in July 1847. What ever happened to Big Minnie of Tombstone? Anti-Mormons have long claimed that Mormon leader Brigham Young ordered the massacre. In 1857, at the time of the Mountain Meadows Massacre, Brigham Young, was serving as President of the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints (LDS Church) and as Governor of Utah Territory. Young, himself, was subjected to house arrest for several weeks in 1872 and jailed briefly in March 1875. Brigham Young, ca 1850 Brigham Young was born June 1, 1801 in Whittingham, Vermont. There's little data documenting the number of social . Particularly telling is the testimony of those who did the killing at the Meadows. Wild Bill Hickman, a famed gunslinger and friend of the Mormon leader, actually claimed that Young had ordered him to commit some of those murders. He married -- was sealed to, in Mormon parlance -- young (Clarissa Decker, 15) and old (Hannah Tapfield King, 65). Brigham Young later privately set apart three other sons and Joseph F. Smith as apostles who served as "assistant Counselors to the First Presidency.". But I am determined by the help of God never to bear false witness against My Neighbour. Later, he complained that those who questioned him wanted lies, not truth. For instance, Joseph Smith was once attacked by an apostate from the Church, William Law, who "attempted to kill Joseph and fired a pistol at him six times at close range. On April 15, 1832, Young and his brother John were baptized into the Latter Day Saint Church of Christ. Brigham Young tried to stop the massacre. Yet no narrative has a daily summary of what went on using the rich documents compiled at the time or the growing body of historical literature on the topic. This applied to countries as well as individuals. Rockwell never directly denied the crime, even when he was tried for it, insisting, Ive never shot at anybody. He was also the founder of Salt Lake City and the first governor of the Utah Territory, United States. Despite a growing bitterness toward his former mentor, Lee refused. https://www.history.com/topics/religion/brigham-young. Apparently I succeeded, since critics in the employ of the LDS Church claim I dont prove Brigham Young ordered the murders. Since John Willard was ordained at such a young age, after the death of President Lorenzo Snow, he would have become the next president of the Church instead of President Joseph Fielding Smith. Young, Brigham Born June 1, 1801 Whitingham, Vermont Died August 29, 1877 Salt Lake City, Utah Religious leader Mormon leader Brigham Young led his followers on a trek across the American plains to the Great Salt Lake Valley in present-day Utah. After the extermination order, the Mormons left for Nauvoo, Illinois, but their bad experiences in Missouri would never be forgotten. Young won the leadership and Strang was considered a heretic and excommunicated from the Mormon Church. Also in 1854, President Franklin Pierce attempted to replace Young as territory governor, but nominee Edward Steptoe declined, explaining that he could not perform his duties in the face of fanaticism in the mass of the people and a religious oligarchy., By 1857, with Youngs approval, the territorial assembly sent a blunt warning to incoming U.S. president James Buchanan. When Filmore appointed non-Mormon judges for Utah, tensions arose quickly. Stubborn facts. Within five minutes, recalled massacre participant Dudley Leavitt, not one stone stood upon another., A few days later Young justified the massacre as a necessary act of righteous vengeance. The man's son was allegedly attacked by a fellow student who believed him to be a racist. Two years later, Young read more, Born in Eisleben, Germany, in 1483, Martin Luther went on to become one of Western historys most significant figures. Cold Milk 07. 2023 A&E Television Networks, LLC. At first, it blamed Indians; later, it claimed a rogue church official was responsibleand after two trials, Mormon militia leader John Lee was hanged in 1877 for the killings. In 1867, a group of non-Mormon pioneers from Missouri and Arkansas were trying to pass through Utah on their way to California but ran into trouble as they tried to get through the Beehive State. Brigham Young later privately set apart three other sons and Joseph F. Smith as apostles who served as "assistant Counselors to the First Presidency." Was brigham young stabbed by a son named Phineas? Logically, the idea of ordering a massacre as 2,500 U.S. troops marched upon Salt Lake City is absurd. Young denounced Justice Perry Brocchus as either profoundly ignorant or corruptly wicked soon after his arrival, and ultimately all three federal officers gave up hopes of effective cooperation and left the territory. The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints has steadfastly denied responsibility. The Mountain Meadows Massacre was a horrible atrocity, and the conduct of some Mormons involved in it was deplorable: strong words from the Tabernacle pulpit, Saints seeking vengeance because of their past persecution, Youngs risky Native American alliance, senseless acts by some local Mormon leaders, Utahs troubling episodes of extralegal violence and most awful, the terrible killing at Mountain Meadows. According to lds.org, George A. Smith was deeply committed to the Church since his baptism in 1832. He was the president of The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints (LDS Church) from 1847 until his death. They were reacting to events as they took place. No. The Indians we expect will do as they please but you should try and preserve good feelings with them. After spending the winter of 1846-47 in a camp along the Missouri River between Iowa and Nebraska, Young headed further west with 142 men, including six apostles, three women and two children, in April 1847. Rather than provide them with what they wanted, Lee chose to die like a man then [than] to live a villain.. By the summer of 1877, Young's health was in decline, but he continued to play an active role in the Mormon church up until the end. However, President Snow announced apostolic seniority should be gauged by the entry date into the Quorum of the Twelve, making Joseph Fielding Smith the next prophet. After fleeing hostile forces in Missouri and Illinois, Mormons settled in the Salt Lake Valley under Brigham Young and from there established colonies all over the West as well as in Mexico. In 1830, Young was contacted by Samuel H. Smith, a missionary in the recently established Latter Day Saint movement. (Above) John D. Lee sits on his coffin moments before being executed for reportedly ordering the Mountain Meadows attack. When Mormons were living in Daviess County, Missouri, he delivered a fiery oration on Independence Day of 1838 in which he promised that the Missourians who Mormons felt were persecuting them (the sentiments had some justification although Mormons did their fair share of antagonizing as well) would need to stop any disputes with the Mormons or face a war of extermination. Not historical conspiracies created by authors speculating about the past. A wagon train of around 120 emigrants, mostly families from Arkansas, was bound for California. How did the widow Pratt cross 1,500 dusty miles in a mere 21 days? "In regard to emigrating trains arriving and passing through our settlements," he wrote in a letter designed to restore calm in Southern Utah, "We must not interfere with them." He has been a guest speaker on numerous national radio and television stations and is a five time published author. Buy this book The curious mix of folklore, suspicion and myth that still attaches to the Mormon experience stems largely from the church that. Young settled in Salt Lake City. Most Mormons are aware that Young instituted a ban on black people holding Church leadership positions and entering their temples, but few are aware of how extreme he was. Justice John F. Kinney was appointed in 1854, and quickly fought with Young over statutes designed to protect polygamists. Mormons responded to not being allowed to vote by forming a militia and attacking Gallatin as well as the nearby village of Millport (one militia battle is depicted in the painting above). While it's clear that the Lord's prophets have often been preserved to perform sacred works, it is also clear that these near-death experiences provided Brigham Young with unparalleled insight into the nature of the spirit world. On August 29, 1877, Brigham Young died in Salt Lake City at the age of 76. Anonymous. This video is private Watch on My dear brothers and sisters, Wendy and I have looked forward to being with you today. In this inspiring look at near-death experiences, authors Brent and Wendy Top illustrate how numerous recorded accounts of near-death experiences relate to Latter-day Saint teachings. According to a BYU Scholars article, His speaking talent, organizational and leadership ability, and political sagacity were given untiringly to the service of his church. In 1833, after the death of his first wife, Young and his two daughters joined Smith and other Mormons in Kirtland, Ohio. In regard to emigration trains passing through our settlements, we must not interfere with them until they are first notified to keep away. Brigham Young Tyrone Power (Actor), Linda Darnell (Actor), Henry Hathaway (Director) Rated: Unrated Format: DVD 153 ratings IMDb 6.3/10.0 Amazon's Choice for "brigham young" $1297 Get Fast, Free Shipping with Amazon Prime FREE Returns DVD $12.97 VHS Tape $9.48 DVD July 15, 2003 1 $12.97 $8.75 $2.07 Tracklist: 01. Some testimony came in private interviews when there was no motive to lie. Theres one answer to all these questions: Brigham Young ordered the murders as a righteous act of vengeance. The Mormon apostle Parley P. Pratt had recently been murdered in Arkansas after essentially trying to kidnap children. As one of John D. Lees wives put it, The Mormons were so insulted and indignant over the death or murder of Pratt that they Raked untold Vengeance on the poor Emigrants.. Kauna unahang parabula na inilimbag sa bhutan? Of course, anti-Young historians say otherwise. How do you put shoes on a cloven-footed ox? He stopped at the cairn the U.S. Armys First Dragoons had raised in 1859 over the grave of the emigrants whose scattered bones they had collected and buried. Utah became the 45th member of the union on Jan. 4, 1896, with Salt read more, In 1844, reeling from the murder of their founder and prophet, Joseph Smith, and facing continued mob violence in their settlement in Illinois, thousands of Latter Day Saints (better known as Mormons) threw their support behind a new leader, Brigham Young. Women in Utah were treated like a commodity, with Church apostle Heber C. Kimball once observing, I would think nothing more of taking a wife than of buying a cow. Men married additional women to show their status as righteous men who were devoted to their faith and would often marry more women than they could afford to support, keeping the less-liked wives in other towns and forcing them to earn their own living. The company that was used up at the Mountain Meadowes included the fathers, mothers, brothers, sisters & connections of the men who murdered the prophets, he told John D. Lee, and they Merited their fate. The only thing that ever troubled Young was the lives of the Women & children, but that under the circumstances [it] could not be avoided.. History is often presented to young students within a single interpretative framework with little suggestion of the existence of alternative historical interpretations. The Taylor Mill Police Department (TMPD). Here's the account in his own words: Brigham Young wasn't the only latter-day prophet to have such close experiences with death. That question stumped me for years, and like many other Mormon mysteries the clues have been carefully purged from the records of Utahs past. Brigham Young's adopted son. Young unambiguously condoned the attack afterwards. Historian D. Michael Quinn succinctly describes Youngs actions shortly after the massacre: Apostle Wilford Woodruff, the official church historian, recorded that when Young first visited the mass burial site, he said that the memorial plaque should read: Vengeance is mine and I have taken a little.. No credible evidence exists that Young wanted the massacre. Unfortunately, these actions and the menacing content of Sidney Rigdons July 4 speech led to Governor Lilburn Boggs signing an order to exterminate all Mormons in Missouri. Americans enjoy a good mystery, and they like conspiracies. It is something that has been partially experienced and thoroughly documented by many individuals around the world. Further, Joseph H. Jackson, a new arrival to Nauvoo who had a shady past, later claimed in his memoirs that Joseph Smith offered him $3,000 to free Rockwell from prison and shoot Boggs. However, church president Joseph Smith insisted that his brother William Smith be selected in place of Young. Brigham Young urged every Mormon to resist the American military. However, Smith told as many as 10 versions of the story and many had serious contradictions. [Young] is not only the president here but he is the president of the states and kingdoms of this world no matter if they have not elected him. In a very real sense, Brigham Young was the law. Despite the clean-cut image of family-oriented conservatives that the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints (commonly known as the Mormon Church) presents to the world, it too has moments of darkness in its past. This week, as America mourned those lost in the terrorist attacks of 9/11, some Mormons quietly remembered another tragedy that took place on the same day 144 years earlier: the Mountain Meadows Massacre, in which a group of Mormons militia members killed about 120 men, women, and children in cold blood. "use strict";(function(){var insertion=document.getElementById("citation-access-date");var date=new Date().toLocaleDateString(undefined,{month:"long",day:"numeric",year:"numeric"});insertion.parentElement.replaceChild(document.createTextNode(date),insertion)})(); FACT CHECK: We strive for accuracy and fairness. Good history must be based on facts. On September 11, 1857, 120 men, women and childrenpioneers from Arkansas headed for Californiawere massacred after being promised safe passage through a Southern Utah valley known as Mountain Meadows. And the suppressing of evidence, Andrew Hamilton said in 1735, ought always be taken for the best evidence.. Though many suspected Young of ordering or at least covering up the attack, John Lee, an adopted son of Youngs, was the only Mormon brought to trial for the Mountain Meadows massacre; he was executed in 1877. John G. Turner. Ted's son and Rupert were more prominently involved in Season 1 but weren't seen much the following season. Called to organize and lead the Mormon Raiders which consisted of 100 men. But that life would rest read more, Mountains, high plateaus and deserts form most of Utahs landscape. Bad Hands 03. Amid the tensions, however, a band of armed Mormons attacked a wagon train of non-Mormons heading west from Arkansas in a valley known as Mountain Meadows in September 1857. TAMPA, Fla. Acting as his own lawyer, a double-murder defendant opened his death penalty trial by shouting at jurors that he did not attack his girlfriend and disabled daughter.
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