athena ipm powdery mildew

on perennial plants, watch closely for signs of powdery mildew. The bud wash is what spray with water??? Powdery mildew, Erysiphe lagerstroemiae, on crape myrtle shoot. The IPM does work pretty well. The use of this website is subject to the following terms of use: The Leidinn Group Pty Ltd (www.hydroexperts.com.au) knows that you care how information about you is used and shared, and we appreciate your trust that we will do so carefully and sensibly. Most effective when alternated with a sterol inhibitor and used as a protectant. These links are provided for your convenience to provide further information. fungicides. COMMENTS: Conditionally acceptable for use on organically grown produce; check with your certifier. Moderate temperatures (60 to 80F) and shade encourage the disease. Varela (emeritus), UC IPM and UC Cooperative Extension Sonoma County, S.J. Oil, Saf-T-Side Spray Oil, Sunspray Ultra-Fine Spray Oil, or one of the plant-based oils such as neem oil (e.g., These products have some effect in killing the powdery mildew organism but are not as effective as the oils or Athena - IPM Athena IPM is a complete pest management formula that kills many soft-bodied insects and mildew on contact. 3343. pp 57-63. If fewer than 6 continuous hours of temperatures occurred between 70 and 85F, subtract 10 points. Complete powdery mildew management: Control, Killer & Cure NO artificial pesticides or fungicides Do not use oils if you have applied sulfur or the temperature is above 90F. Although relative humidity requirements for germination vary, all j=d.createElement(s),dl=l!='dataLayer'? Conditions of Use, Notices, and Revisions:If you choose to visit Leidinn Group Pty Ltd, your visit and any dispute over privacy is subject to this Notice and our Conditions of Use, including limitations on damages, arbitration of disputes, and application of the law of Australia. For the best experience on our site, be sure to turn on Javascript in your browser. fruit cvs. uuid:8d78913f-04da-924a-a754-53986bfb0972 For effective control of powdery mildew, spray 1,000 square feet uniformly with about 1 to 3 gallons of water containing a small amount of surfactant Always follow the . Support small. Temperatures for infection are optimal between 68-77F. When used as directed Athena IPM penetrates plant crevices and leaf surfaces where unwanted biotic diseases seek to colonize. When used as directed Athena IPM penetrates plant crevices and leaf surfaces where unwanted biotic diseases seek to colonize. Sign up for our newsletter to receive exclusive discounts, promotions, and grow tips. On perennial hosts such as roses, powdery mildew survives Hosts or Prey. Ornamentals: crape myrtle, rose, London plane tree, rhododendron, and zinnia. As a result of those actions, you might supply us with such information as your name, address, and phone number; people to whom purchases have been shipped, including address and phone number; other people; content of reviews and e-mails to us; and financial information. #2. If mild to moderate powdery mildew is present, you can use horticultural and plant-based oils such as neem or Scientific Name. Your use of any information or materials on this website is entirely at your own risk, for which we shall not be liable. Powdery mildew is starting to show up on roses, maples, ornamental pears, honeysuckle, lilac, crabapple, and other plants. Protection of Leidinn Group Pty Ltdand Others:We release account and other personal information when we believe release is appropriate to comply with law; enforce or apply our Conditions of Use and other agreements; or protect the rights, property, or safety of Leidinn Group Pty Ltd, our users, or others. False Will treat adults, nymphs, larvae and eggs. Do yo have to do the bud wash if using the citric acid? Oils can vary in their potential for phytotoxicity. Athena IPM is a complete pest management formula that kills many soft-bodied insects and mildew on contact. Powdery mildew is a common disease of many flowers grown in home yards. 90F or to water-stressed plants. Heavy dews promote the sporulation and infection of the fungus on susceptible host plants. Complete coverage of upper and lower leaf surfaces, as well as grape clusters, is essential for control. The mixture raises the pH level of plant leaves. Some species of powdery mildew may overwinter in the buds. Shade and moderate temperatures favor most powdery mildews. sulfurs that are specially formulated with surfactants similar to those in dishwashing detergent (e.g., Safer Garden This resistance management strategy should not include alternating or tank mixing with products to which resistance has already developed. Cultivars resistant to powdery mildew are available for some susceptible plants including rose, crape myrtle, euonymus, With Your Consent:Other than as set out above, you will receive notice when information about you might go to third parties, and you will have an opportunity to choose not to share the information. On all tissues, powdery mildew looks like a greyish-white powder. Athena IPM is a complete pest management formula that kills many soft-bodied insects and mildew on contact. When used as directed Athena IPM penetrates plant crevices and leaf surfaces where unwanted biotic diseases seek to colonize. We offer a variety of options, including Lumatek LED grow lights, HPS lighting Kits, T5 Fluorescent lighting for germination, and LED propagation lights for those after a little more light output than the standard T5 lights. Certain apple varieties (Jonathan, Idared, Gala, Jonagold, Winesap, Rome), most cherry varieties, and grapes are susceptible. Unlike most fungi, the powdery mildew fungus does not need free water, such as rain or dew, to cause infections. of rose and crape myrtle. between sulfur and oil sprays may need to be even longer. If eradication is necessary, a light summer oil may be used anytime in the season if there is no sulfur residue present (i.e. following good cultural practices will adequately control powdery mildew in many situations. In some situations, especially when growing roses, you may need to use fungicides, which function as protectants, Young new growth of the shoots is white and hairy as the leaf emerges from the bud. Reviewed in the United States on March 1, 2023. Each day, starting on the day after the index reached 60 points during the start phase, evaluate the temperatures and adjust the previous day's index according to the rules below. Also, you never should apply oils when temperatures are above Please use a different way to share. Emergency Number: 1.800.424.9300 Manufacturer: Athena Products Inc 3811 Wacker Drive Mira Loma, CA 91752 Telephone: 1.844.333.1818 formulated into a product that, when sprayed on the plant, destroys fungal pathogens. fungicides if necessary, resistant cultivars; At the 12% rate, this oil is an excellent eradicant and can be used as a stand-alone program at anytime during the season (except within 2 weeks of a sulfur treatment); good coverage is essential. All powdery mildew fungicides, with the exception of oil, are best used as protectants. Athena IPM is a complete pest management formula that kills many soft-bodied insects and mildew on contact. Avoiding the most susceptible cultivars, placing plants in full sun, and 5/20. When used as directed Athena IPM penetrates plant crevices and leaf surfaces where unwanted biotic diseases seek to colonize. Keep a running tabulation throughout the season. This is on both sides of the leaf and the leaf grows quickly into green tissue. Publ. oil, sulfur, potassium bicarbonate, and the biological fungicide Serenade. Acknowledgements It is important to monitor your own plants to catch it early. You can't subtract more than 10 points a day. Contact webmaster. Timing of the first treatment is dependent on the fungicide used, vine growth stage, and the potential for disease infection. Powdery mildew damage to tomato. The RI assesses the risk of disease development by relating it to air temperature and predicts the need to spray to protect the vines. Use good bugs to get rid of bad bugs. Read product labels carefully and follow instructions on proper use, storage, and disposal. It seems to be working so far as I saw a couple fungus gnats before using this and after a couple of root drenches haven't seen them anymore. Also available to licensed applicators only is a fungicide containing potassium bicarbonate Check the undersides of leaves that are lowest on the plant, looking for white, powdery spots. Add . Initial symptoms of powdery mildew appear on leaves as chlorotic spots on the upper leaf surface. Symptoms include white superficial mycelium on leaves and stems, yellowing, desiccation, necrosis and defoliation. Complete powdery mildew management: Control, Killer & Cure . 3359. This disease affects many plants, and one of several fungi can cause it. If the fungus overwintered as mycelia inside dormant buds, then emerging shoots may become diseased shortly after bud break. When powdery mildew is first evident in the spring or late summer, two or more applications of a fungicide at intervals of 7 to 21 days should keep the disease in check. Adobe InDesign 17.2 (Macintosh) If you have any concern about privacy atLeidinn Group Pty Ltd, please send us a thorough description to info@hydroexperts.com.au,and we will try to resolve it. natural insecticide. Powdery mildew can grow on all green tissues where it exhibits "powdery" white growth (Fig. extended periods inhibits germination and kills the spores of most powdery mildew fungi. All rights reserved. Do not use on table grapes after berry set. I've been seeing PM late in my flowering and now this last plant has it earlier in flowering. Homes, Gardens, Landscapes, and Turf > Using the Powdery Mildew Risk Index to time applications may reduce total applications in very cool or warmer production areas. See our Home page, or in the U.S., contact your local Cooperative Extension office for assistance. Athena IPM 1ltr is a complete pest management formula that kills many soft-bodied insects and mildew on contact. of product/acre per season. You must log in or register to reply here. When used as directed Athena IPM penetrates plant crevices and leaf surfaces where unwanted biotic diseases seek to colonize. applied before the disease appears. *they swear by the vpd chart. Request a Quote - Bulk Discounts for Large Grow Operations. Subscribe (RSS) Powdery mildew can easily be diagnosed by the white, powdery patches that form on the upper surfaces of lower. On fruit and rachises the pathogen appears as white, powdery masses that may colonize the entire berry surface. To see our full range of Athena Nutrients, click here Contains Powdery mildew is a fungal disease . new Date().getTime(),event:'gtm.js'});var f=d.getElementsByTagName(s)[0], xmp.id:e6b9e81f-9b65-4f66-8e2d-ff7cabd13788 is 5 days for treated grapes when conducting cane tying, turning, or girdling. Vasquez, UC Cooperative Extension Fresno County, Statewide Integrated Pest Management Program, University of California Agriculture and Natural Resources. woody species such as rose, crape myrtle, and sycamore where it attacks new growth including buds, shoots, flowers, Shop products from small business brands sold in Amazons store. development. COMMENTS: Do not apply more than 0.044 lb a.i. I was just high again. Research has shown that sequential sprays of products with the same mode of action can lead to the development of reduced sensitivity to the active ingredient(s). Powdery mildews may infect new or old foliage. When used as directed Athena IPM penetrates plant crevices and leaf surfaces where unwanted biotic infections seek to colonize. Choose resistant varieties to reduce the likelihood of having to apply sprays. Sulfur can cause injury to foliage and fruit when applied just before or on days when the temperature exceeds 100F. Amazon.com: Athena IPM (32 Ounce) : Patio, Lawn & Garden. Cannabis Economic Development Issues. When used as directed Athena IPM penetrates plant crevices and leaf surfaces where unwanted biotic diseases seek to colonise. Statewide IPM Program, Agriculture and Natural Resources, University of California actually may reduce the spread of powdery mildew, because it washes spores off the plant. (This is the equivalent of combining points 2 and 3 above. When used as directed Athena IPM penetrates plant crevices and leaf surfaces where unwanted biotic diseases seek to colonize. Spider Mite / Mildew.indd Fertilize properly because too much nitrogen causes lush foliage and shade, providing conditions for fungal growth. Overhead sprinkling Widespread in occurrence, powdery mildew fungi derive their common name from their production of whitish, "powdery" spots on the surface of leaves of plants they infect. 4 minutes ago #1 How good is this stuff? In fact, water on plant surfaces for All powdery mildew fungi require living plant tissue to grow. Also Ive been told the Athena ipm is supposed to be used with another product they make, which is annoying. So is PM actual like in the plant now? Athena IPM is a complete pest management formula that kills many soft-bodied insects and mildew on contact. Publ. Severe powdery mildew on an older rose leaf. Such flowers will not open normally (Illinois Natural History Survey photo). Severely distorted leaves with powdery mildew can . Athena IPM Pesticide & Fungicide This pesticide kills many soft-bodied insects and molds/mildews on contact - without compromising on your organic growing practices! The best method of control is prevention. Marin County. The first symptom of infection is the appearance of white powder spots on the surface of the leaf: if we run our finger over the dust spots and remove them easily, we can be sure that it is powdery mildew. 2022-04-19T14:07:28-07:00 The R.E.I. Apply by ground only in sufficient water (25 gal/acre minimum) to ensure complete and thorough coverage of foliage and crop. COMMENTS: Do not apply more than 33 fl oz of product/acre per season. If you would like to know more, the "Help" section of the toolbar on most browsers will tell you how to prevent your browser from accepting new cookies, how to have the browser notify you when you receive a new cookie, or how to disable cookies altogether. When used as directed Athena IPM penetrates plant crevices and leaf surfaces where unwanted biotic infections seek to colonize. This makes the plants more immune to this fungus. Skipping this step can cause burning or phytotoxic reactions. eradicants, or both. Chasmothecia are the most important sources of overwintering inoculum in most production areas. In assigning points, note the following: Use the index to determine disease pressure and how often you need to spray to protect the vines. COMMENTS: Do not apply more than 1.5 lb of product/acre per season. Athena IPM is a complete pest management formula that kills many soft-bodied insects and mildew on contact. Reviewed in the United States on April 23, 2022, Insect & Pest Repellent Spray Concentrates, Learn more how customers reviews work on Amazon. Pests of Landscape Trees and Shrubs: An Integrated Pest Is this why I have to dip the cuttings? Need Help? To avoid injuring any plant, do not apply sulfur when the temperature is near or higher Complete powdery mildew management: Control, Killer & Cure NO artificial pesticides or fungicides Adobe InDesign 17.2 (Macintosh) Click to reveal White patches of powdery mildew on euonymus leaf. Athena IPM works but its expensive. The best sulfur products to use for powdery mildew control in gardens are wettable Apply in sufficient water to obtain thorough coverage. Seven to 10 days after this initial infection, monitor vineyards for the presence of powdery mildew by collecting 10 to 15 basal leaves from approximately 20 vines at random and examining the undersurface for powdery mildew spores. SKU: 13200 Sign up for price alert Availability: In stock $48.00 You save $22 (31.43%) off MSRP Qty: Add to Cart Spraying the same mixture on plants is also a great way to prevent it in the first place. any fungicide becomes more difficult. Infection occurs when the wetness period is followed by 10 to 13 hours of leaf wetness when temperatures remain between 50 and 80F. Figu re 3. Powdery mildew.do a baking soda wash on it, let it sit over night, then rinse it clean! Global Grower Community, Premium Service, Broadest Selection of the Best Brands. For a better experience, please enable JavaScript in your browser before proceeding. Fungicide Resistance Action Committee (FRAC), SAR = Systemic acquired resistance products, Tebuconazole (Elite), triflumizole (Viticure), and myclobutanil (Rally), Trifloxystrobin (Flint), kresoxim-methyl (Sovran), and pyraclostrobin/boscalid (Pristine), Not all registered pesticides are listed. You can choose not to provide certain information, but then you might not be able to take advantage of many of our features. It is subject to change without notice. Athena IPM is a complete pest management formula that kills many soft-bodied insects and mildew on contact. /QT/powderymildewcard.html?srcPage=QT%2Fpowderymildewcard.html revised: Most powdery mildew fungi grow as thin layers of mycelium on the surface of the affected plant parts. `Px0 Z8D)IMI>^d&\0&8tWO,C;!l. Lesions may also appear on the upper surface as yellow spots, or cover the entire leaf with powdery, white spores, and mycelium. If the index is already at 0, you can't subtract points. I've been seeing PM late in my flowering and now this last plant has it earlier in flowering. Leaves front & back.. stems & anything in between. Powdery mildew usually covers the upper part of the leaves, but may grow on the undersides as well. UC IPM Home > COMMENTS: Do not apply more than 2 lb of product/acre per season. Sulfur, Serenade Max, Sonata, M-Pede, Organic JMS Stylet Oil, and Purespray Green horticultural oil are acceptable on organically certified grapes; check with your certifier for details. When used as directed Athena IPM penetrates plant crevices and leaf surfaces where unwanted biotic infections seek to colonize. If the index reaches 60, an epidemic is under way. Is this the best stuff on the market? If you dont want to spray it, you can probably soak something sterile & use it to wipe the areas of the plant you are able to. athena ipm powdery mildew Athena IPM is a complete pest management formula that kills many soft-bodied insects and mildew on contact. Complete powdery mildew management: Control, Killer & Cure 100% Organic microbial exudates . 6. Lol I dried the branch out in the open for about a week before I tried it. COMMENTS: In some counties there is a 3-day restricted entry period when using sulfur; consult your county agricultural commissioner. Powdery mildew infections appear as wild felt like patches on the undersides of the leaves as they emerge from the terminal shoot. Do not apply past veraison. . Once infected, it can inflict immense damage and completely defoliate a rose bush. The R.E.I. Nondiscrimination Statement. Restricted entry interval (REI) is the number of hours (unless otherwise noted) from treatment until the treated area can be safely entered without protective clothing. Field reports suggest eradicant activity; but this has not been demonstrated in University research. Jan 2, 2017. Powdery mildew, Sphaerotheca pannosa, on rose. For the best experience on our site, be sure to turn on Javascript in your browser. How powdery mildew occurs. When used as directed Athena IPM penetrates plant crevices and leaf surfaces where unwanted biotic diseases seek to colonize. Control mild to moderate infections with horticultural oil or with plant-based oils, such as neem oil. and leaves. 1992. Or less were just using chemicals constantly. Also effective in treating common fungal infections. Gubler, W. D., and D. J. Hirschfelt. What Choices Do I Have? Can be used as a protectant or eradicant. . Res. 1 0 obj <>]/Pages 3 0 R/Type/Catalog/ViewerPreferences<>>> endobj 2 0 obj <>stream Other fungicides are available. *im confused as to what nutrients they use. If its white mold does Athena IPM get rid of that too? Powdery mildew (PM) infections may occur on leaves, buds, shoots, blossoms, and fruit. When used as directed Athena IPM penetrates plant crevices and leaf surfaces where unwanted biotic diseases seek to colonize. Powdery mildew on honeysuckle. The Regents of the University of California. If lesions are found, then monitor disease development by using the powdery mildew risk assessment index. Initial symptoms of powdery mildew appear on leaves as chlorotic spots on the upper leaf surface. Do not apply more than 69 oz/acre per season. and sometimes on flowers and fruits. Thanks I grow in DWC (hydro) is it the same principles spraying the medium and everything and can you spray on buds?? When used as directed Athena IPM penetrates plant crevices and leaf surfaces where unwanted biotic diseases seek to colonize. The R.E.I. at least 2 weeks before or after a sulfur treatment). [ElJTr85^C)LVQqNJX,2BXENUB'$[a%$xMZh`M8#[Hh];G|R?dV`8:?B;KW+M3EYEWWS- ]:d T--]9(S`gp62'M:^G,,S+t{GNbMS=S1$6epe58x|F]wk`,:'%"BgE{(C{g),R%niJWN)tiMXGPw vrv`PX~cEmYKZZ2hf _c@kuN#-7 If the plant is fully hydrated, it will not absorb IPM through its leaves. Leaves turn yellow or brown and fall off, exposing the plant or fruit to sunburn. To prevent other disease problems, do this midmorning so moisture dries rapidly. We are sorry. Unfortunately, we cannot provide individual solutions to specific pest problems. UC IPM Pest Management Guidelines: Turfgrass UC ANR Publication 3365-T. A.J. Some ornamentals do COMMENTS: Alternate use with a fungicide of a different mode of action; for certified organic production rotate to a fungicide approved by your certifier. For example, like many web sites, we use "cookies," and we obtain certain types of information when your web browser accesses Leidinn Group Pty Ltd. A number of companies offer utilities designed to help you visit web sites anonymously. Manage powdery mildew by growing resistant plant varieties and altering the growing environment. The outer petals have been crippled by the mildew fungus. endstream endobj 3 0 obj <> endobj 6 0 obj >/PageUIDList<0 211>>/PageWidthList<0 612.0>>>>>>/Resources<>/ExtGState<>/Font<>/ProcSet[/PDF/Text/ImageC]/XObject<>>>/TrimBox[0.0 0.0 612.0 792.0]/Type/Page>> endobj 7 0 obj <>stream WhatPersonal Information About Customers Does Leidinn Group Pty Ltd gather? Highly recommend. This Notice and the Conditions of Use will change also, and use of information that we gather now is subject to the Privacy Notice in effect at the time of use. The schedule assumes adequate coverage; the use of calibrated sprayers and sufficient gallons per acre appropriate for type of sprayer and vineyard trellis. The following are ranked with the pesticides having the greatest IPM value listed firstthe most effective and least likely to cause resistance are at the top of the table. Are those pics PM then?? Prune out small infestations and remove infected buds during the dormant season. Milk and Whey. Your use of this website and any dispute arising out of such use of the website is subject to the laws of Australia. '&l='+l:'';j.async=true;j.src= Athena IPM is a complete pest management formula that kills many soft-bodied insects and mildew on contact. Written by Achour Amiri, Plant Pathologist, WSU-Wenatchee. If the index is already at 100, you can't add points. FOR ALL OTHER USES or more information, read Legal Notices. Under completely dry conditions, the potential for infection is significantly reduced. 2022-04-19T14:07:28-07:00 Athena IPM is an all-in-one pest management formula that kills many soft-bodied insects and mildews on contact. Begin treatment at budbreak to 2-inch shoot growth. There are several actions that could trigger this block including submitting a certain word or phrase, a SQL command or malformed data. Leaves. We'll also keep you updated on the latest product releases. For certified organic production, rotate to a fungicide approved by your certifier. By visiting Leidinn Group Pty Ltd, you are accepting the practices described in this Privacy Notice. These are effective only on contact, so applications must thoroughly cover all susceptible plant parts. Be careful, however, never to apply an oil spray within 2 Performance & security by Cloudflare. Leaf infections appear as whitish, felt-like patches usually on the lower surface of the leaves. xmp.did:20741847-6606-4eaa-893a-beec3139b8d7 I ran out of my SNS 209 which has worked wonderfully for me, so I decided to try this since it's used in most commercial grows right now. Product Name: Mildew Control Product Type/Description: Liquid Recommended Use/ Use Restrictions: Fungicide for Powdery mildew Other means of Identification: Nitrates, and inorganic minerals in aqueous solution. Ext. Powdery mildew of tomato, caused by the fungus Oidium lycopersicum, is a relatively new disease in North America that has the potential to affect both field and greenhouse tomato production. an existing infection. Division of Agriculture and Natural Resources For a list of other common ornamentals susceptible to powdery mildew, see Table 2. Complete powdery mildew management: Control, Killer & Cure 100% Organic microbia HortScript No. COMMENTS: Do not use on Concord, Worden, Fredonia, Niagara, or related grape varieties. Do you have to do the bud wash even if you don't spray on the buds?? FOR ALL OTHER USES or more information, read Legal Notices. AC Infinity Humidity Dome, Germination Kit with Sturdy Drip Tray, 5x8 Cell Seedling Tray, and Vented Height Extension Panels, for Seed Starting, Propagation, Cloning Plants (Dome Kit), FOOP Sweetener: Organic Sweetener for Plants | Creates an Explosion of Trichomes and Improves Plant Flavor | Works with All Media and Nutrient Lines | Delivers Eight Organic Sugars (32oz), AC Infinity CLOUDRAY S6, Grow Tent Clip Fan 6 with 10-Speeds, EC-Motor, Weatherproof IP-44, Quiet Hydroponics Circulation Cooling (Black, Auto Oscillation), 1996-2023, Amazon.com, Inc. or its affiliates. It generally occurs in late summer and early fall, especially when the days are warm and the nights are cool. Black to brown web scarring can be seen on mature fruit, which represents former colonies. If 6 or more continuous hours of temperatures occurred between 70 and 85F, add 20 points. Welcome to our website. The store will not work correctly in the case when cookies are disabled. xmp.did:20741847-6606-4eaa-893a-beec3139b8d7 Use nonchemical alternatives or less toxic pesticide products whenever possible. Never read anything about having to wash it off. Conidial spore production occurs 7 to 10 days after primary infection by ascospores and conidia will continue to be produced throughout the season as long as moderate temperatures (70 to 85F) exist. (2 Pages) Many must be applied before you see the first sign of disease. Gubler (emeritus), Plant Pathology, UC Davis, G.M. either plants in the same family or only one species of plant. Unlike many diseases, powdery mildew doesnt require moist conditions to grow. When choosing a pesticide, consider information relating to the pesticide's. Examples of the information we collect and analyze include the Internet Protocol (IP) address used to connect your computer to the Internet; login; e-mail address; password; computer and connection information such as browser type and version, operating system, and platform; purchase history; the full Uniform Resource Locators (URL) clickstream to, through, and from our Web site, including date and time; cookie number; and products you viewed or searched for. PDF/X-1:2001 Because powdery mildew occurs so late in the season, it may . How good is this stuff? Manage powdery mildew by growing resistant plant varieties and altering the growing environment. To help prevent off-site drift, use sprayable sulfur instead of dusting sulfur when canopies are minimal (less than 12 inches). The active ingredient in White powdery growth on leaves and shoots can be a sign of powdery mildew. 3, Univ. State pesticide active registration status, Approvedfor use in these states:AK, AZ, AR, CA, CO, CT, DE, FL, GA, HI, IL, KS, KY, MA, MD, MI, MN, MO, NC, ND, NH, NJ, NV, NY, OH, OK, OR, PA, RI, TN, TX, UT, VT, WI, WV, Customer Reviews, including Product Star Ratings help customers to learn more about the product and decide whether it is the right product for them.Learn more how customers reviews work on Amazon.

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